[96], Before independence Equatorial Guinea exported cocoa, coffee and timber, mostly to its colonial ruler, Spain, but also to Germany and the UK. The telecom regulator in Sierra Leone is National Telecommunications Commission (NATCOM). The Shura Council was the 264-member upper house of Parliament created in 1980. [122], The Ebola epidemic affected the treatment of other diseases in Guinea. The Senate report showed at least $35 million siphoned off by Obiang, his family and regime senior officials. At the conference the leading Fang figure, the later first president Francisco Macas Nguema gave a controversial speech in which he claimed that Adolf Hitler had 'saved Africa'. Soil, water, and climatic conditions provide opportunities for irrigated farming and agro industry. Possibilities for investment and commercial activities exist in all these areas, and Guinea's "poorly developed infrastructure and rampant corruption continue to present obstacles to large-scale investment projects". The earliest, the Ghana Empire, grew on trade and ultimately fell after repeated incursions of the Almoravids. He was tried and executed soon afterward, with Obiang succeeding him as a less bloody, but still authoritarian president. "[15] The conference agreed with his suggestion that the Democratic Republic of Armenia should expand into present-day eastern Turkey. in 2020, it faces its eighth year of recession, due in part to endemic corruption.[86]. A number of freed Angolan slaves, Portuguese-African creoles and immigrants from Nigeria and Liberia also began to be settled in the colony where they quickly began to join the new group. Another 100,000 Equatorial Guineans went to Cameroon, Gabon, and Nigeria because of the dictatorship of Francisco Macas Nguema. Very quickly the Biafran separatists were starved into submission without international backing. After the Ottoman government collapsed completely, its representatives signed the Treaty of Svres in 1920, which would have partitioned much of the territory of present-day Turkey among France, the United Kingdom, Greece and Italy. Tour vacillated from supporting the Soviet Union to supporting the United States. Las comunidades de la eda del hierro en frica Centro-Occidental: cultura material e identidad, Tesi Doctoral, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid. The telecom regulator in Gabon is Autorit de Rgulation des communications Electroniques et des Postes (ARCEP) https://www.arcep.ga. In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 20.8% over a population estimate of 0.8 million.[33]. A major turning point was the 1997 repeal of Nasser-era land reform policies under pressure for structural adjustment. ", Marked Increase in Child Survival after Four Years of Intensive Malaria Control, "Detection of poliovirus in So Paulo airport sewage: WHO", HESS and AED Partner to Improve Education in Equatorial Guinea, Equatorial Guinea Minister Seeks Strong Ties With U.S, Equatorial Guinea intangible heritage Culture Sector, Memory of the World | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, "Country Profile: Equatorial Guinea: Media", "The Writer From a Country Without Bookstores", "London 2012 Olympics: how Eric 'the Eel' Moussambani inspired a generation in swimming pool at Sydney Games", Official Government of Equatorial Guinea website, Guinea in Figures Official Web Page of the Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights, Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, Countries with Portuguese as an official language, International organizations with Portuguese as an official languages, Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Equatorial_Guinea&oldid=1120427192, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Spanish-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1968, Member states of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, Portuguese-speaking countries and territories, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles containing Portuguese-language text, Articles with dead external links from October 2022, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2022, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2016, Articles containing potentially dated statements from February 2016, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2004, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2018, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from December 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata namespace mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 6 November 2022, at 23:37. The sector cultivates coffee beans, pineapples, peaches, nectarines, mangoes, oranges, bananas, potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, pepper, and other types of produce. Equatorial Guinea was chosen to co-host the 2012 African Cup of Nations in partnership with Gabon, and hosted the 2015 edition. The commander in charge of the occupation, Juan Fontn Lob was appointed Governor-General by Franco and began to exert more effective Spanish control over the enclave interior. In May 1917, after the exile of Constantine I of Greece, Greek prime minister Eleuthrios Venizlos returned to Athens and allied with the Entente. Smaller ethnic groups make up the remaining 16%[109] of the population, including Kpelle, Kissi, Zialo, Toma and others. In 1916 Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, established the Kingdom of Hejaz, while the Emirate of Riyadh was transformed into the Sultanate of Nejd. The president has denied any wrongdoing. In spite of his condemnation of Marxism, which he deemed "neo-colonialist", Equatorial Guinea maintained very special relations with communist states, notably China, Cuba, and the USSR. The Sierra Leoneans were particularly well placed as planters while labor recruitment on the Windward coast continued, for they kept family and other connections there and could easily arrange a supply of labor. The telecom regulator in Liberia is Liberia Telecommunications Authority (LTA). The telecom regulator in Yemen is the Public Telecommunication Corporation. The changes were approved by 88.83% of voters who voted, with a 44% turnout.[5]. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}11N 10W / 11N 10W / 11; -10, in Africa(light blue &dark grey)in the African Union(light blue), Guinea (/ni/ (listen) GHIN-ee), officially the Republic of Guinea (French: Rpublique de Guine), is a coastal country in West Africa. Its mineral wealth includes more than 4-billion tonnes of high-grade iron ore, and diamond and gold deposits, and uranium. [137] It was founded in 1960 and affiliated with FIFA since 1962[140] and with the Confederation of African Football since 1963. The Treaty of Batum, signed on 4 June, reduced the Armenian republic to an area of only 11,000km2. Guinea's armed forces are divided into 5 branchesarmy, navy, air force, the paramilitary National Gendarmerie and the Republican Guardwhose chiefs report to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff who is subordinate to the Minister of Defence. It was the precursor of modern Lebanon. [134] Their program consists of twice-yearly indoor residual spraying (IRS), the introduction of artemisinin combination treatment (ACTs), the use of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant women (IPTp), and the introduction of very high coverage with long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets (LLINs). [113], There were 3 days of ethno-religious fighting in the city of Nzerekore in July 2013. Rio Muni also includes several small offshore islands, such as Corisco, Elobey Grande, and Elobey Chico. Equatorial Guinea (Spanish: Guinea Ecuatorial; French: Guine quatoriale; Portuguese: Guin Equatorial), officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (Spanish: Repblica de Guinea Ecuatorial, French: Rpublique de Guine quatoriale, Portuguese: Repblica da Guin Equatorial), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa, with an area of 28,000 square This resolution to the worker shortage allowed Fernando P to become one of Africa's most productive agricultural areas after the Second World War. Prime Minister Francisco Pascual Obama Asue was appointed by Obiang and operates under powers delegated by the President. [39], Between 1926 and 1959 Bioko and Rio Muni were united as the colony of Spanish Guinea. [106], According to the World Bank, Equatorial Guinea has the highest GNI (Gross National Income) per capita of any African country, 83 times larger than the GNI per capita of Burundi, the poorest country. Noncreolized Portuguese is used as liturgical language by local Catholics. [clarification needed]. They unscrewed lightbulbs, removed plans for sewage pipelines in Conakry, the capital, and even burned medicines rather than leave them for the Guineans."[30]. [103] The 650km route is longer than an alternative heading south to the port of Buchanan, Liberia, which was considered as an alternative in an October 2019 feasibility study. During the electoral contest, the ruling party hosted internal elections which were later scrapped as none of the president's favorite candidates led the internal lists. MPP coordinator Enrique Nsolo Nzo was arrested and official state media portrayed him as planning to destabilize the country and depose the president. Fernando P thus continued to suffer from labour shortages. This is a list of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa. It is sometimes referred to as Guinea-Conakry after its capital Conakry, to distinguish it from other territories in the eponymous region such as Guinea-Bissau and Equatorial Guinea. On the night of 24 June, the CPDS headquarters in Malabo were surrounded by heavily armed police officers to keep those inside from leaving and thus effectively blocking the protest. After independence, thousands of Equatorial Guineans went to Spain. [12], In March 2015 the penetration rate was 167% over a population estimate of 2.05 millions.[14]. There is also a gendarmerie, but the number of members is unknown. Fulani Muslims migrated to Futa Jallon in Central Guinea, and established an Islamic state from 1727 to 1896, with a written constitution and alternate rulers. King in 1930. Fernando P was inhabited by many Biafra-supporting Ibo migrant workers and many refugees from the breakaway state fled to the island, straining it to breaking point. [125] This is compared with 680 in 2010, 859.9 in 2008 and 964.7 in 1990. The Arab Revolt, which was in part orchestrated by Lawrence, resulted in British forces under General Edmund Allenby defeating the Ottoman forces in 1917 in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign and occupying Palestine and Syria. Within a report, hover over Table of Contents to see the topics covered in the report. The country has one university, the Universidad Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial (UNGE), with a campus in Malabo and a Faculty of Medicine located in Bata on the mainland. Hafia FC (known as Conakry II in 1960s) has at least 15 titles, having dominated in 1960s and 70s. It continued to prosper until a civil war, over succession, followed the death of Askia Daoud in 1582. However, it is one of the most unequal countries in the world according to the Gini index, with 70 percent of the population living on one dollar a day. Afterwards Armenia became an integral part of the Soviet Union. PNG in itself contains over 5% of the world's biodiversity in less than 1% of the world's total land area. In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 20.63% over a population estimate of 16.5 million. The traditional demarcation line between Fang and 'Beach' (inland) ethnic groups was the village of Niefang (limit of the Fang), east of Bata. [65], The current president of Equatorial Guinea is Teodoro Obiang. In July 1968 virtually all Bubi leaders went to the UN in New York to try and raise awareness for their cause, but the world community was uninterested in quibbling over the specifics of colonial independence. China and Cuba also gave different forms of financial, military, and technical assistance to Equatorial Guinea, which got them a measure of influence there. In December 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 62% over a population estimate of 13.9 million.[174]. We organize countries and areas into six geographical regions, each corresponding to one of our six regional bureaus. By 1960, Tour had declared PDG the country's only legal political party, and for the next 24 years, the government and PDG were one. [108], According to the 2016 United Nations Human Development Report, Equatorial Guinea had a gross domestic product per capita of $21,517, one of the highest levels of wealth in Africa. To ensure you have the best experience possible, we need to retain some of your information. Please note that this does not represent any official rankings. There were garrisons of the colonial guard throughout the enclave by 1926, and the whole colony was considered 'pacified' by 1929. Out of a population of 300,000, an estimated 80,000 were killed. [114] The violence ended after the Guinea military imposed a curfew, and President Conde made a televised appeal for calm. Although a few of the Fernandinos were Catholic and Spanish-speaking, about nine-tenths of them were Protestant and English-speaking on the eve of the First World War, and pidgin English was the lingua franca of the island. In 1917, 150,000 Armenians relocated to the provinces of Erzurum, Bitlis, Mu and Van. [99][100], Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Also forbidden are political parties supporting militia formations or having an agenda that is contradictory to the constitution and its principles, or threatening the country's stability such as national unity between Muslim Egyptians and Christian Egyptians. Stadium: Cairo International Stadium. [120][131] Additionally, the IILP secured land from the government for the construction of Portuguese language cultural centres in Bata and Malabo. Egypt was the first Arab state to establish diplomatic relations with the state of Israel, after the signing of the EgyptIsrael peace treaty at the Camp David Accords. In 1920 at the San Remo conference, in Italy, the League of Nations mandate over Palestine was assigned to Britain. The principal means of communication within Equatorial Guinea are 3 state-operated FM radio stations. The refinery exports about 750,000 tonnes of alumina. [75] President Alpha Cond's party, the Rally of the Guinean People (RPG), won a plurality of seats in the National Assembly of Guinea, with 53 out of 114 seats. [61] By the same evening, the putschists declared control over all Conakry and the country's armed forces, and, according to Guine Matin, the military fully controlled the state administration by 6 September and started to replace the civil administration with its military counterpart. Lieutenant governors administered the individual colonies, including Guinea. [88], Equatorial Guinea spans several ecoregions. In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 65.9% over a population estimate of 4.1 million.[73]. List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa. The English term Guinea comes directly from the Portuguese word Guin which emerged in the mid-15th century to refer to the lands inhabited by the Guineus, a generic term for the black African peoples south of the Senegal River, in contrast to the "tawny" Zenaga Berbers above it, whom they called Azenegues or Moors. million subscribers in total, or a 74.7% penetration rate. [86] The 2005 Demographic and Health Survey reported that 96% of women have gone through the operation. He placed Kars province under Armenian rule. [84] The prime minister declared in 2010 that he does not consider sexual orientation a legitimate human right. In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 3.4% over a population estimate of 5.9 million.[54]. The telecom regulator in Nigeria is Nigerian Communications Commission. [36], Spain had not occupied the large area in the Bight of Biafra to which it had right by treaty, and the French had busily expanded their occupation at the expense of the territory claimed by Spain. [52], On 26 March 2013, the opposition party backed out of the negotiations with the government, over the upcoming 12 May election. Spanish is not spoken much in Annobn. [41], With Liberian workers no longer available, planters of Fernando Po turned to Rio Muni. The Africans were principally divided between Fernandinos and Bubi on one side, who feared a loss of privileges and 'swamping' by the Fang majority, and the Ro Muni Fang nationalists on the other. Taro (/ t r o, t r o /) (Colocasia esculenta) is a root vegetable.It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, and petioles.Taro corms are a food staple in African, Oceanic, and South Asian cultures (similar to yams) Taro is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated plants. The telecom regulator in Burundi is Agence de Rgulation et de Contrle des Tlcommunications (ARCT). In 2011, the government announced it was planning a new capital for the country, named Oyala. According to the Egyptian Constitution, political parties are allowed to exist. [111] Some, both Muslim and Christian, has incorporated indigenous African beliefs into their outlook. 1990, Des derniers chasseurs aux premiers mtallurgistes: sdentarisation et dbuts de la mtallurgie du fer (Cameroun, Gabon, Guine-Equatoriale). He called it Formosa ("Beautiful"), but it quickly took on the name of its European discoverer. Diplomatic relations between Israel and the Republic of Guinea were established in 1958, but were strained due to the Cold War, as the Israeli government supported US policy while the government of Guinea took a pro-Soviet line. Despite its name, no part of the country's territory lies on the equatorit is in the northern hemisphere, except for the insular Annobn Province, which is about 155km (96mi) south of the equator. See, Emerald International Investment, a subsidiary of, Formerly, owned by Saudi and Kuwaiti corporations. [94], The telecom regulator in Mauritania is Autorit de Rgulation (ARE).[95]. The Fang constitute 80% of the population[116] and comprise around 67 clans. It documented strong links with the Portuguese creole populations in So Tom and Prncipe, Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau.[120]. In 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 85.53% over a population estimate of 1.77 million. The contents of this website are copyright-free and can be republished freely without authorisation. (Sub-Saharan) Africa | East Asia and the Pacific | Europe and Eurasia | Near East (Middle East and Northern Africa) | South and Central Asia | Western Hemisphere Facilities and Areas of [] [78], Obiang was re-elected to serve an additional term in 2009 in an election the African Union deemed "in line with electoral law". [59] After the 2020 Guinean presidential election, Alpha Cond's election to a third term was challenged by the opposition, who accused him of fraud. The Shura Council's legislative powers were limited. [74] The 2013 Guinean legislative election was held on 24 September. The demonstrations were fueled by the opposition coalition's decision to step down from the electoral process, in protest at the lack of transparency in the preparations for elections. Other industries include processing plants for beer, juices, soft drinks and tobacco. All 3 teams are based in the capital, Conakry. [12], Formerly French Guinea, it achieved independence in 1958. [72], Since 2005, Military Professional Resources Inc., a US-based international private military company, has worked in Equatorial Guinea to train police forces in appropriate human rights practices. The Treaty of Lausanne, by contrast, forfeited all arrangements and territorial annexations. [121] The adoption of Portuguese as an official language was the primary requirement to apply for CPLP acceptance. At the same time measures were taken to battle sleeping sickness and leprosy in the enclave, and by 1967 the number of hospital beds per capita in Equatorial Guinea was higher than Spain itself, with 1637 beds in 16 hospitals. The president of Guinea is normally elected by popular vote for a 5-year term; the winning candidate must receive a majority of the votes cast to be elected president. In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 142.19% over a population estimate of 3 million.[110]. [20] In 2021, a military faction overthrew president Alpha Cond and suspended the constitution.[14][15][16]. [132], Malaria is transmitted year-round, with peak transmission from July through October. The telecom regulator in South Sudan is Ministry of Telecommunication and Postal Services (MOTPS). As part of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP27) taking place in Sharm el-Sheikh,, The October Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) reported that Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes are expected to become more widespread, The majority of the country is currently reporting poor to reasonable veld and livestock conditions. [60], On 5 September 2021, Lieutenant Colonel Mamady Doumbouya seized control of state television and declared that President Alpha Conde's government had been dissolved and the nation's borders closed, an announcement that came after hours of gunfire erupted near the presidential palace. In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 24.3% over a population estimate of 10.7 million.[31]. The opposition said that the government had not respected them, and had not kept any promises they agreed to. The pressure they could bring to bear was weak, but the general trend in West Africa was not, and by the late 1960s much of the African continent had been granted independence. The humiliation of the Franco-Spanish negotiations, combined with the disaster in Cuba led to the head of the Spanish negotiating team, Pedro Gover y Tovar committing suicide on the voyage home on 21 October 1901. Horses and donkeys pull carts, primarily to transport construction materials. The telecom regulator in Tunisia is Instance Nationale des Tlcommunications (INT). Its equipment includes several Russian-supplied fighter planes and transports. Among their goals, the Portuguese military wanted to kill or capture Sekou Tour due to his support of PAIGC, an independence movement and rebel group that had carried out attacks inside Portuguese Guinea from their bases in Guinea. Of these, 13,141 had recovered, 500 were active, and 81 people had died. Nouvelles donnes archologiques sur l'histoire ancienne de la Guine-Equatoriale. District-level leaders are elected; the president appoints officials to all other levels of the centralized administration. [84] Interior minister Clemente Engonga refused to authorise the protest on the grounds that it could "destabilize" the country and CPDS decided to go forward, claiming constitutional right. [74] However, human rights abuses have continued. The Portuguese-speaking island nation of So Tom and Prncipe is located between Bioko and Annobn. In Lanfranchi (R.) & Schwartz (D.) ds. Tourist attractions are the colonial quarter in Malabo, the southern part of the island Bioko where you can hike to the Iladyi cascades and to remote beaches to watch nesting turtles, Bata with its shoreline Paseo Maritimo and the tower of liberty, Mongomo with its basilica (the second largest Catholic church in Africa) and the new planned and built capital Ciudad de la Paz. [140] The country also has no documented heritage listed in the Memory of the World Programme of UNESCO nor any intangible cultural heritage listed in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List.[141][142]. [56], The nephew of Macas Nguema, Teodoro Obiang deposed his uncle on 3 August 1979, in a bloody coup d'tat; over two weeks of civil war ensued until Macas Nguema was captured. The International Committee of the Red Cross began running relief flights out of Equatorial Guinea, but Macas quickly became spooked and shut the flights down, refusing to allow them to fly diesel fuel for their trucks nor oxygen tanks for medical operations. [128], In February 2012, Equatorial Guinea's foreign minister signed an agreement with the IILP on the promotion of Portuguese in the country. Europeans (largely of Spanish or Portuguese descent, some with partial African ancestry) also live in the country, but most ethnic Spaniards left after independence. % ). [ 95 ] 133 ] it is the Communication and Information Technology ( MCIT ). 27 In ancient times there were 281 cases, including 59 deaths Portuguese-speaking countries, water and From criticising public figures a topic to jump to it in the Assembly these dialects, while minority The Shura Council was abolished in the user terms and conditions here.By clicking from. 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